The initial ideas could be displayed through multiple mechanisms, such as sketches, rough prototypes etc. This refinement process plays a significant role in generating a design solution. It is usually a raw, formless, diffuse feeling which needs to be refined through a specific process (Sinnamon & Miller, 2021). Sometimes, this made them follow their design tutors as role models rather than understanding real meanings or values demanded by the problem at hand.Īrchitectural design ideas are not generated as a complete formation (Demirkan & Hasirci, 2009 Sinnamon & Miller, 2021 van Dooren, 2020). Reflection on action is a prevalent methodology followed in architectural design studio, where students get direct reflections from their design tutors (Schön, 2016). Those ideas and concepts are refined through several intermediate tutoring sessions where architectural students get the exposure of expert designers within the studio setup (Cennamo et al., 2011). In the architectural design process, the designer (architect) has the sole authority and freedom on developing design ideas and concepts (Lawson, 2006). Many design teachers are experiencing less practical, less human-friendly, less focused design solutions while tutoring (Webster, 2004 Yorgancıoğlu & Tunalı, 2020). Moreover, in order to provide remedial solutions, a clear understanding of the problem is needed to be aware. The support and space created in the ADP to empathise is the problem we see and intend to explore. We believe empathising in an architectural context needs to cover a broader spectrum than being familiar with the site and the users. The product-oriented process does not give the designer sufficient room to empathise (Hargrove & Nietfeld, 2015 Taneri & Dogan, 2021). In order to do this, a clear picture of the current process needs to be drawn. The ADP should be involved with the mix of functional, structural, environmental and socio-cultural values (Abdelhameed, 2017). Especially when, where, and how they get involved in the design process are essential facts that need to be explored. The voice and insights of the real user could significantly impact the final design, and this will be varied according to the level of their involvement. Investigating how the intended user has been integrated during the design process is the key objective of this study. The research questions were aligned to find answers on how the architectural design process assisted in the conventional design studio has been addressing the actual user of the final product, a space. Since the actual user of a building is important, our focus is on integrating their involvement into the design process. This literature review focuses on exploring the process followed in architectural practice which could be helpful in giving potential suggestions to fine-tune the design process to fill the existing voids in the current design process. In order to understand the architectural design process, a proper in-depth exploration is needed. The voids in the design process led students to generate less realistic solutions. Since the solutions are generated through a specific process, we have identified a problem that generates problematic results. The question is if those design solutions address the needs of the users. Architects create human-friendly living spaces for various functions (Abdullah et al., 2011). An architectural design studio is a learning process that consists of unique and specific processes adopted on designing (Schön, 2016). Furthermore, many scholars have discussed the architectural design process, but there is a significant gap in discussing the involvement of users and context during the design process.Įxploring the architectural design studio process and its practice was the key focus of this article. It is evident that the lack of integrating the intended user in the design process has impacted the solutions. The results have given data to draw a Design Process model which is specific for architectural design studio practice. Grounded Theory was applied to generate a theory based on the data or findings. The data was analysed by the content analysis based on the Grounded Theory. For the literature review, 50 articles were selected by eliminating the non-related and non-suitable articles based on the rubric developed. The most relevant articles for the review were identified by applying an inclusion and exclusion criteria based on a rubric developed to find answers to the research questions developed. This study was carried out by adopting systematic literature review methodology. Exploring and identifying the real design process which occurs within the conventional design studio is the key focus of this study. The architectural design process is a unique process that has its inherent phases with specific activities within.
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